Mar
28
Global Corruption Report 2006 : Special Focus: Corruption and Health (Global Corruption Report )
Filed Under Report, Ebook | Leave a Comment
Global Corruption Report 2006 : Special Focus: Corruption and Health (Global Corruption Report )
by Transparency International
“TI has once again shown its ability to combine research and policy analysis not just to shine a light on the deeply embedded problems of corruption . . . but to propose progressive solutions.”
– James Wolfensohn, former President of the World Bank
In the health sector, corruption is a matter of life or death. It can take many forms: from medical professionals who sell medicines or services that should be freely available, to high-level government officials who embezzle money from health budgets, to pharmaceutical companies that buy influence over research agendas. The impact of corruption is always felt by the end user–the sick person who is forced to pay over the odds or who is given unsafe, counterfeit medicines.
The 2006 edition of Transparency International¹s Global Corruption Report shows the impact that corruption has on health care in rich and poor countries. From high-level bribery in Costa Rica to informal payments in Hungary, case studies from around the world explore the characteristics of the health sector that make it so prone to corruption.
In a special section dedicated to corruption in HIV/AIDS, the report warns that the large sums being poured into fighting the world¹s deadliest diseases need to be safeguarded against abuse. There is also a detailed analysis of the problems of the pharmaceutical system.
The report also offers an annual round-up of worldwide developments and tracks major trends in more than forty countries.
The Global Corruption Report 2006 is the only report of its kind, and is an essential reference source for anyone who wants the latest research on how corruption affects everything from health to education and the oil and gas industries.
Founded in 1993, Transparency International is an international non-governmental organisation based in Berlin, Germany, with national offices in close to 90 countries worldwide. Transparency International is politically non-partisan. Its mission is to build anti-corruption coalitions that embrace governments, the private sector and civil society. It is the only global movement dedicated solely to curbing corruption, increasing government accountability and improving transparency in business transactions.
Read more
Mar
28
World Drug Report 2006
Filed Under Report | Leave a Comment
World Drug Report 2006
Some 200 million people, or 5 percent of the global population age 15-64, have used illicit drugs at least once in the last 12 months. Among this population are people from almost every country on earth. More people are involved in the production and trafficking of illicit drugs and still more are touched by the devastating social and economic costs of this problem. Partially a consequence of its pervasiveness and partially a consequence of the illicit and hidden nature of the problem, reliable analysis and statistics on the production, trafficking and use of illicit drugs are rare.
The World Drug Report 2006 endeavours to fill this gap. It provides one of the most comprehensive overviews of illicit drug trends at the international level. In addition, it presents a special thematic chapter on cannabis, by far the most widely produced, trafficked and used drug in the world. The analysis of trends, some going back 10 years or more, is presented in Volume 1. Detailed statistics are presented in Volume 2. Taken together, these volumes provide the most up-to-date view of today’s illicit drug situation.
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime is in the process of further enhancing the World Drug Report. To assist us in deciding the best way to provide you with information, we would appreciate your feedback. The survey is completely confidential and will take about 5-10 minutes to complete.
Read more
Mar
28
World Drug Report 2005
Filed Under Report | Leave a Comment
World Drug Report 2005
The negative impacts of the illicit drug trade touch every society in the world. This year’s World Drug Report estimates that 200 million people, or 5% of the global population age 15-64, have consumed illicit drugs at least once in the last 12 months. The drug trade is pernicious and large. UNODC estimates its retail value at US$ 321bn. It impacts almost every level of human security from individual health, to safety and social welfare. Its consequences are especially devastating for countries with limited resources available to fight against it.
The World Drug Report 2005 provides one of the most comprehensive overviews of illicit drug trends at the international level. In addition, this year it presents the work of UNODC in two new areas of research. Both aim to provide tools to enrich our understanding of an immensely complex situation: an estimate of the financial value of the world drug market, and the preliminary steps towards the creation of an illicit drug index. The analysis of trends, some going back 10 years or more, is presented in Volume 1. Detailed statistics are presented in Volume 2. Taken together these volumes provide the most up to date view of today’s illicit drug situation.
Read more
Mar
28
World Drug Report 2004
Filed Under Report | Leave a Comment
World Drug Report 2004
An estimated 3 % of the global population, or 185 million people consume illicit drugs annually. Among this population are people from almost every country on earth and from every walk of life. Countless more people, around the world, are involved in the production and trafficking of illicit drugs, and still more are touched by the devastating social and economic costs of this trade. These people live in both developed and developing countries, are rich and poor, healthy and unhealthy, citizens and refugees. Illicit drugs are a truly global phenomenon. Partially a consequence of this pervasiveness, and partially a consequence of the illicit and hidden nature of this trade, reliable analysis and statistics on the production, trafficking and consumption of illicit drugs are rare.
In cooperation with Member States, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) has endeavoured to fill the gaps. In this first edition of the new two volume World Drug Report, UNODC presents more quantitative data than ever before in an effort to increase the amount of factual evidence available in a field which is so notoriously difficult to quantify. This year, the analysis of trends, some going back ten years or more, is presented in Volume 1. Detailed statistics are presented in Volume 2. Taken together these volumes will provide the most complete picture yet on today’s illicit drug situation.
Read more
Mar
28
Global Illicit Drug Trends 2003
Filed Under Report | Leave a Comment
Global Illicit Drug Trends 2003
The report takes a statistical approach to assessing the status of world supply in and demand for illicit drugs. Based on data and estimates collected or prepared by Governments and UNDCP, as well as by other specialized agencies and international institutions, it attempts to identify trends in the evolution of global illicit drug markets. Reporting on a largely clandestine sector where information is by definition difficult to obtain, Global Illicit Drug Trends constitutes at present the most comprehensive published source of estimates and statistics on the global drug problem.
Read more
Mar
28
Global Illicit Drug Trends 2002
Filed Under Report | Leave a Comment
Global Illicit Drug Trends 2002
While the supply side dimensions of the international drug problem have been recognized for decades, the demand side has traditionally been considered a domestic issue, not conducive to international assessment. This report, based on data obtained primarily from the annual reports questionnaires (ARQ) received by UNDCP in 2001, presents not only the supply side data but also the demand side data, in an effort to give a balanced approach in the assessment of the drug problem.
In addressing the global trends in illicit drug supply and trafficking, the report discusses cultivation, manufacture, trafficking routes, methods of transportation and seizures. On the demand side, the report focuses on global trends, the extent of drug abuse, drug abuse among youth and prison populations, modes of intake and costs and the consequences of drug abuse. Comprehensive statistical tables, presented for multiple years, will greatly facilitate comparative studies.
Read more
Mar
28
Global Illicit Drug Trends 2000
Filed Under Report | Leave a Comment
Global Illicit Drug Trends 2000
At the twentieth special session of the General Assembly in 1998, States Members agreed to make significant progress towards the control of supply and demand for illicit drugs by the year 2008. They noted that this objective could only be achieved by means of the ‘balanced approach’ (giving demand as much attention as supply), and on the basis of regular assessments of the drug problem. (General Assembly Resolution S-20/2 and S-20/3). The aim of the present report is to contribute to such assessments by presenting supply and demand statistics and analysis on the evolution of the global illicit drug problem.
Read more
Mar
28
World Drug Report 2000
Filed Under Report | Leave a Comment
World Drug Report 2000
The illicit drug trade touches millions of lives in both developed and developing countries. Its most negative impact is concentrated amongst the vulnerable and marginalized of our societies. The UN estimates that some 180 million people worldwide - 4.2 per cent of people aged 15 years and above - were consuming drugs in the late 1990s; this figure includes 144 million consuming cannabis, 29 million people consuming amphetaminetype stimulants, 14 million people taking cocaine and 13 million people abusing opiates, 9 million of whom were addicted to heroin.
Economic reliance on the drug trade, and drug addiction, leaves many individuals open to exploitation by criminals and criminal organisations; threatening the health of men, women and children, the rule of law, and ultimately, the vitality and strength of all our communities. However, for the first time in recent history, global production of drugs such as heroin and cocaine is no longer growing, but shows signs of stabilization and even decline. Global coca leaf and cocaine manufacture continued to fall in 1999 by 7 per cent and was 20 per cent lower than in 1992/93. Illicit opium production, the raw material for the manufacture of morphine and heroin, declined in 2000 by at least 17 per cent and was some 15 per cent lower than in 1994. Production of opium poppy and coca leaf is concentrated in an ever smaller number of countries. This makes concerted efforts, assisted by alternative development, an increasingly viable option to achieve the targets set out in the 1998 Special Session of the General Assembly which aim at a substantial reduction if not elimination of such production by the year 2008. Progress is also being reported from the demand side, where there are signs of stabilization or even decline in some of the main markets.
With this Report, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime describes and explains the extent and development of this complex problem-and the important progress that has been made in recent years towards its amelioration. Illustrated with numerous maps, graphs, charts and tables, the World Drug Report 2000 provides the reader with a unique insight into the realities of the international drug problem and reveals the most complete picture of the extent of the problem.
Read more
Mar
28
Global Illicit Drug Trends 1999
Filed Under Report | Leave a Comment
Global Illicit Drug Trends 1999
The present report is based on data obtained primarily from the annual reports questionnaires (ARQ) received by UNDCP up to February 1999. Such reports hitherto presented only the supply side data from the ARQ. The present report now contains a statistical summary of the demand side data obtained from the ARQ, and is meant to show one of the several ways in which UNDCP is trying to put the “balanced approach” (putting demand on par with supply) into practice.
While the supply side dimensions of the international drug problem have been recognized for decades, the demand side has traditionally been considered a domestic issue, not conducive to international assessment. Thus, data on supply side indicators such as illicit drug cultivation, production and seizures, has been systematically collected and published for most of this century. Indicators to measure the demand for illicit drugs, such as the extent and incidence of abuse, or the treatment and prevention of it, have not received commensurate attention at the international level.
In adopting a Political Declaration, as well as a Declaration on the Guiding Principles of Drug Demand Reduction, the General Assembly at its twentieth special session not only reiterated the importance of the “balanced approach” but also noted that effective demand reduction activities could only develop on the basis of regular, objective and scientifically valid assessments of the drug problem. (General Assembly resolution S-20/2 and S-20/3, annex).
The present report thus contains two parts, the first dealing with the supply side, and the second dealing with the demand side of the drug problem. Data, statistical summaries and some analysis are provided, not only in the hope of making such a compilation internationally accessible, but also of ensuring that States Members may benefit from, and continue to contribute to, the information contained in the ARQ.
Read more
Mar
28
World Drug Report 1997
Filed Under Report | Leave a Comment
World Drug Report 1997
Illicit drugs destroy innumerable individual lives and undermine our societies. Confronting the illicit trade in drugs and its effects remains a major challenge for the international community. Although the consumption of drugs has been a fact of life for centuries, addiction has mushroomed over the last five decades. It now demands a determined and international response.
Read more
